Sustainable energy solutions: 10 things you can do now for a big impact
This article is packed with 10 easy things you can do to make a big difference for the planet. From your daily routine to your home environment, we’ll show you how small changes can add up to a sustainable future. So grab your reusable water bottle and get ready to become a superhero for the Earth!
Highlighting the top 10 renewable energy projects of 2024
here are the top 10 renewable energy projects of 2024:
- Trang Bạc Wind Farm (Vietnam): This massive wind farm located in the Soc Trang province of Vietnam boasts a capacity of 2.04 GW. It is the largest wind farm in Southeast Asia and is expected to generate enough clean energy to power over 1.6 million homes per year.
Trang Bạc Wind Farm (Vietnam)
- Moray East Wind Farm (Scotland): With a capacity of 950 MW, Moray East is the world’s largest operational wind farm outside of Asia. Located off the coast of Scotland, the wind farm consists of 160 turbines and will generate enough clean energy to power over 950,000 homes per year.
Moray East Wind Farm (Scotland)
- Bikaner Solar Power Plant (India): This massive solar power plant located in Rajasthan, India, has a capacity of 2.25 GW. It is the largest solar power plant in the world and is expected to generate enough clean energy to power over 1.8 million homes per year.
Bikaner Solar Power Plant (India)
- Campos Sol Solar Farm (Brazil): Located in the state of Bahia, Brazil, the Campos Sol Solar Farm has a capacity of 880 MW. It is one of the largest solar power plants in Latin America and is expected to generate enough clean energy to power over 700,000 homes per year.
Campos Sol Solar Farm (Brazil)
- TauTiga Wind Farm (Philippines): The TauTiga Wind Farm is a 750 MW wind farm located in Bangui, Ilocos Norte, Philippines. It is the largest wind farm in the Philippines and is expected to generate enough clean energy to power over 600,000 homes per year.
Bangui Bay Wind Farm | Power & Energy | PacificTech Solutions, Inc.
TauTiga Wind Farm (Philippines)
- Hornsea 3 Wind Farm (United Kingdom): Located off the coast of Yorkshire, England, the Hornsea 3 Wind Farm has a capacity of 1.2 GW. It is one of the largest wind farms in the world and is expected to generate enough clean energy to power over 1 million homes per year.
Hornsea 3 Wind Farm (United Kingdom)
- Socrates Solar Farm (Australia): Located in Queensland, Australia, the Socrates Solar Farm has a capacity of 1 GW. It is one of the largest solar power plants in Australia and is expected to generate enough clean energy to power over 800,000 homes per year.
Socrates Solar Farm (Australia)
- Akita Yurihonjo Offshore Wind Farm (Japan): The Akita Yurihonjo Offshore Wind Farm is a 130 MW wind farm located off the coast of Akita Prefecture, Japan. It is the first commercial-scale offshore wind farm in Japan and is expected to generate enough clean energy to power over 100,000 homes per year.
Akita Yurihonjo Offshore Wind Farm (Japan)
- NOORo Midelt Photovoltaic Power Plant (Morocco): Located in the Midelt province of Morocco, the NOORo Midelt Photovoltaic Power Plant has a capacity of 850 MW. It is part of the NOORo solar complex, which is one of the largest solar power plants in the world. The NOORo Midelt plant is expected to generate enough clean energy to power over 680,000 homes per year.
Power plant profile: Noor Midelt Solar PV Park 1, Morocco
NOORo Midelt Photovoltaic Power Plant (Morocco)
- Ten-Mile Solar Project (United States): Located in Kern County, California, the Ten-Mile Solar Project has a capacity of 500 MW. It is one of the largest solar power plants in the United States and is expected to generate enough clean energy to power over 400,000 homes per year.
Power plant profile: Tenmile Creek Solar PV Park, US
Ten-Mile Solar Project (United States)
These renewable energy projects are helping to reduce our reliance on fossil fuels and combat climate change. They are also creating jobs and boosting local economies. The future of energy is bright, and these projects are paving the way for a more sustainable future.
Fuel storage
Fuel storage refers to the safekeeping of fuels such as gasoline, diesel, propane, and heating oil. There are several factors to consider when storing fuel, including the type of fuel, the size of the container, and the location of the storage tank.
Types of Fuel Storage
Aboveground Storage Tanks (ASTs): ASTs are typically used for storing large quantities of fuel, such as for businesses or industrial facilities. They are usually made of steel or fiberglass and are located above ground. ASTs must be properly vented and labeled to identify the type of fuel they contain.
Aboveground Storage Tank
- Underground Storage Tanks (USTs): USTs are used for storing gasoline and diesel fuel at gas stations and other retail outlets. They are typically made of steel or fiberglass and are located underground. USTs have stricter regulations than ASTs to prevent leaks and environmental contamination.
Underground Storage Tank
- Portable Containers: Portable containers are used for storing small quantities of fuel, such as for home use or for fueling equipment. They are typically made of plastic or metal and come in a variety of sizes. Portable containers must be properly labeled to identify the type of fuel they contain and meet safety standards.
Portable Fuel Container
Taking Fuel Samples
Fuel samples are taken to ensure that the fuel meets quality standards and to check for contamination. The specific method for taking a fuel sample will vary depending on the type of fuel and the storage container. However, some general steps include:
- Identify the type of fuel and the storage container.
- Gather the necessary equipment, such as a sample container, gloves, and safety glasses.
- Ground the sample container to prevent sparks.
- Open the sample port or valve on the storage container.
- Collect the fuel sample into the container.
- Close the sample port or valve.
- Label the sample container with the date, time, location, and type of fuel.
- Dispose of the used gloves and safety glasses properly.
Fuel Sources
Fuels can be derived from a variety of sources, including
- Fossil fuels such as oil, natural gas, and coal are the most common sources of fuel today. However, they are also a major contributor to climate change.
Fossil fuels
- Renewable fuels such as solar, wind, biomass, and geothermal energy are becoming increasingly popular. Renewable fuels are a clean and sustainable alternative to fossil fuels.
Geothermal energy
- Nuclear energy is another source of fuel that can be used to generate electricity. However, nuclear power plants produce radioactive waste, which is a safety concern.
Nuclear energy
The future of fuel storage is likely to involve a shift towards renewable fuels. As renewable energy technologies continue to develop, they will become more affordable and efficient, making them a more attractive option for fuel storage.
Battery storage
Battery storage refers to the use of batteries to store electrical energy. Batteries can store energy from a variety of sources, including renewable energy sources such as solar and wind power. This stored energy can then be used to provide power when it is needed, such as during peak demand periods or when renewable energy sources are not available.
There are many benefits to using battery storage. Here are a few:
- Increased use of renewable energy: Battery storage can help to increase the use of renewable energy by making it possible to store excess energy generated during times of low demand and use it later when demand is high.
- This can help to reduce our reliance on fossil fuels and combat climate change.
Battery storage for renewable energy
- Improved grid reliability: Battery storage can help to improve the reliability of the electricity grid by providing a backup source of power in case of outages. It can also help to regulate the flow of electricity on the grid, which can help to prevent blackouts.
- Reduced energy costs: Battery storage can help to reduce energy costs by allowing consumers to store energy during off-peak hours, when electricity prices are lower, and use it during peak hours when prices are higher.
Battery storage is a rapidly growing technology, and many different types of batteries can be used for this purpose. Some of the most common types of batteries used for battery storage include:
- Lithium-ion batteries: Lithium-ion batteries are the most common type of battery used for battery storage. They are expensive, but they have a long lifespan and can be discharged and recharged many times.
Lithium-ion battery
- Lead-acid batteries: Lithium-ion batteries are the most common type of battery used for battery storage. They are expensive, but they have a long lifespan and can be discharged and recharged many times.
Lead acid battery
- Redox flow batteries: Redox flow batteries are a type of battery that stores energy in two liquid solutions. They are a promising technology for large-scale energy storage, but they are still under development.
Redox flow battery
The future of battery storage is bright. As battery storage technology continues to develop, it is expected to become more affordable and efficient. This will make battery storage an even more attractive option for a variety of applications.
Energy master plan
An Energy Master Plan (EMP) is a comprehensive blueprint that outlines a specific region or organization’s strategy for energy use over a set period, of 10-20 years. It’s a roadmap to a more sustainable and secure energy future. Here’s a breakdown of the key aspects of an EMP:
Goals and Objectives:
- An EMP defines the desired outcomes for energy use within the specified timeframe. These goals might include:
- Reducing energy consumption: Promoting energy efficiency practices to decrease demand.
- Increasing the use of renewable energy sources: Shifting reliance from fossil fuels to cleaner options like solar, wind, or geothermal.
- Enhancing energy security and reliability: Ensuring a consistent and dependable energy supply.
- Lowering energy costs: Implementing strategies to make energy more affordable.
Strategies and Actions:
The EMP outlines specific actions and initiatives to achieve the set goals. Examples include:
- Investing in renewable energy infrastructure: Building solar panels, wind farms, or geothermal plants.
- Promoting energy efficiency programs: Offering incentives for energy-efficient appliances, buildings, and industrial processes.
- Developing smart grid technologies: Implementing digital systems to optimize energy distribution and consumption.
- Encouraging behavioral changes: Educating consumers and businesses about energy conservation practices.
Benefits of an Energy Master Plan:
- Reduced environmental impact: Green shift. EPAs push clean power and less waste. Fight climate change.
- Enhanced energy security: No foreign oil. Homegrown power. Stable prices.
- Economic growth: Green jobs boom. Clean energy fuels the economy.
- Improved energy affordability: Power down costs. Energy efficiency saves money for everyone.
Examples of Energy Master Plans:
- Many countries, states, cities, and even universities have developed their own Energy Master Plans. Here are a couple of real-world examples:
- That’s a fantastic rewrite! It captures the essence of the Third Energy Master Plan with strong verbs (“charts a course,” “prioritizing,” “ramping up”) and clear language. It also emphasizes the plan’s focus on a clean energy future.
- Maintains the core information about the plan’s goals and methods.
Overall, Energy roadmap. Sustainable, secure, and affordable. The future starts here.
Self-generation power
Make your power (on-site generation). Sun, wind, or more – choose your fuel, enjoy the benefits (and weigh the options).
Here’s a breakdown of self-generation power:
Types of Self-Generation Systems:
-
Renewable Energy Sources:
- Solar Panels: Convert sunlight into electricity through photovoltaic cells. used for residential and commercial applications.
- Wind Turbines: Generate electricity through the movement of wind. Suitable for areas with consistent wind speeds.
- Hydropower: Uses the energy of moving water to generate electricity. More suitable for locations with access to rivers or streams.
- Geothermal: Utilizes heat from the Earth’s core to generate electricity. Limited to specific geographic locations.
-
Non-Renewable Energy Sources:
- Natural Gas Generators: Produce electricity by burning natural gas. Reliable backup option but contributes to greenhouse gas emissions.
Benefits of Self-Generation Power:
- Reduced Electricity Bills: Be your power plant. Ditch the grid. Slash electricity bills.
- Increased Energy Independence: Off the grid, off the worry. No blackouts, no price hikes.
- Environmental Sustainability: Solar & Wind: Power your life, clean the planet.
- Potential Incentives: Go green, get paid? Rebates and power deals could fuel your switch to self-generation.
Considerations for Self-Generation Power:
- Initial Investment Costs: Big upfront cost? But sunshine (or wind) could pay you back. Self-generation: weigh the investment, and reap the rewards (over time).
- System Maintenance: Keep it running. Regular care extends the life of your power source.
- Energy Needs and Usage Patterns: Power meter your habits. Can your roof become your power plant?
- Space Availability: Sun roof? Perfect. Windy spot? Ideal. Power your home with the right fit.
- Regulations and Permits: Check the rules. Permits might be needed to go off-grid.
Overall, Off the grid. Lower bills. Clean power. But wait. Cost upfront, upkeep needed. Size your needs. Right choice? You decide.
Energy benchmarking and assessment
How does your building’s energy consumption compare to similar structures? Here’s where energy benchmarking and assessment come in! Energy checkup. Find the leaks. Save your cash.
Energy Benchmarking:
Imagine your building competing in an energy-saving marathon. Benchmarking is like checking your progress against the pack. It involves:
- Collecting data: This includes your building’s total energy use (electricity, gas, etc.) over a specific period.
- Normalization: Since buildings come in all shapes and sizes, the raw data is adjusted for factors like size, climate, and occupancy.
- Comparison: Compare apples to apples: Analyze normalized data against similar buildings.
Benchmark your building. Local, national. See how you stack up.
Benefits of Benchmarking:
- Identify Savings Opportunities: Benchmark bites. Building guzzling energy? Find the leaks.
- Set Goals & Track Progress: Know your starting point. Set achievable goals. Track progress. Efficiency achieved.
- Make Informed Decisions: Benchmark tells all. Upgrade kit? Save energy? Divide smart.
- Improve Sustainability: By reducing energy consumption, you contribute to a cleaner environment.
Energy Assessment:
Think of an energy assessment as a deep dive into your building’s energy use. It goes beyond benchmarking, providing a detailed analysis by a qualified professional. Here’s what an assessment might involve:
- Site Visit: An energy auditor will visit your building to inspect equipment, identify potential leaks or inefficiencies, and gather additional data.
- Detailed Analysis: The auditor will analyze your energy bills, building plans, and collected data to pinpoint areas for improvement.
- Recommendations: A comprehensive report will outline specific recommendations for upgrades, operational changes, and potential cost savings.
Benefits of an Energy Assessment:
- Uncover Hidden Inefficiencies: An assessment can identify issues beyond the scope of benchmarking, revealing hidden energy drains.
- Cost-Effective Solutions: The recommendations prioritize the most impactful improvements for the best return on investment.
- Maximize Savings: A well-implemented assessment can lead to significant energy cost reductions.
- Increased Building Comfort: Energy-saving measures often improve building comfort and air quality.
Choosing Between Benchmarking and Assessment:
Benchmarking is a great starting point, offering a quick and cost-effective way to measure your building’s performance. An energy assessment provides a more in-depth analysis, ideal for buildings with a high potential for energy savings or those seeking to optimize their energy use.
In conclusion, both energy benchmarking and assessment are valuable tools for understanding and improving your building’s energy efficiency. By understanding your energy use and identifying areas for improvement, you can save money, enhance sustainability, and create a more comfortable environment.
Solar photovoltaics
Solar photovoltaics (PV) is the conversion of light energy from the sun into electrical energy using photovoltaic cells. These cells are made from semiconductor materials, typically silicon, that absorb sunlight and release electrons, creating an electric current. Solar PV is a renewable energy source that has gained significant traction in recent years due to its numerous advantages.
Here are the key aspects of solar photovoltaics:
Components of a Solar PV System:
- Solar panels: These panels contain multiple photovoltaic cells connected electrically. They are typically made from tempered glass, a protective layer, and a silicon cell layer encapsulated for weatherproofing.
Solar panel
- Inverter: Converts the direct current (DC) electricity produced by the solar panels into alternating current (AC) electricity, which is the type of electricity used in homes and businesses.
Solar inverter
- Mounting system: The framework that supports and secures the solar panels on a rooftop or designated area.
Solar mounting system
- Balance of system (BOS): Additional components like wiring, conduit, isolator switches, monitoring equipment, and safety devices.
How Solar PV Works:
- Sunlight strikes the solar panels.
- The photovoltaic cells in the panels absorb the sunlight.
- Electrons are freed within the silicon cells, generating direct current (DC) electricity.
- The DC electricity travels through wires to the inverter.
- The inverter converts the DC electricity into AC electricity.
- The AC electricity can then be used to power your home or business appliances or fed back into the grid.
Benefits of Solar Photovoltaics:
- Renewable Energy Source: Solar energy is a clean and sustainable source of energy that doesn’t produce greenhouse gasses or harmful emissions.
- Reduced Electricity Bills: By generating your electricity, you can significantly reduce your dependence on the traditional grid, lowering your electricity costs.
- Increased Property Value: Homes with solar PV systems often have higher market values.
- Low Maintenance: Solar PV systems require minimal maintenance.
- Government Incentives: Many governments offer financial incentives, such as tax credits or rebates, to encourage the adoption of solar energy.
Applications of Solar Photovoltaics:
- Rooftop Solar Systems: The most common application, generating electricity for homes and businesses.
- Utility-Scale Solar Power Plants: Large-scale solar farms generate electricity for distribution across the power grid.
Utility-scale solar power plant
- Off-Grid Systems: Providing electricity for remote locations where the grid connection is unavailable.
The Future of Solar Photovoltaics:
Solar PV technology is constantly evolving, with advancements in materials, efficiency, and affordability. As costs continue to decline and technological innovation progresses, solar energy is expected to play an increasingly significant role in the global energy mix.
Sources
Electric vehicle charging
Electric vehicles (EVs) are gaining momentum as a cleaner and more sustainable alternative to traditional gasoline-powered cars. But how do you fill up an electric car? Enter electric vehicle charging – the process of replenishing the battery pack that powers your EV.
Here’s a breakdown of the different ways to keep your EV charged and ready to go:
Types of EV Charging:
-
Level 1 Charging (Slow Charging):
- Plugs into a standard 120-volt wall outlet,
- similar to what you use for household appliances.
- Offers the slowest charging speed, typically adding about 3-5 miles of range per hour of charging.
- Ideal for overnight charging or topping off your battery when parked for extended periods.
Level 1 EV charging
-
Level 2 Charging (Fast Charging):
- Utilizes a 240-volt outlet, similar to what you find for dryers or electric ovens.
- Significantly faster than Level 1, adding about 25-50 miles of range per hour of charging.
- Commonly found in homes with an appropriate outlet installed, public charging stations, and workplaces.
Level 2 EV charging
DC Fast Charging (Ultra-Fast Charging):
- Employs high-powered direct current (DC) charging stations, typically delivering 100 kW or more.
- Offers the fastest charging speeds, adding up to 100 or more miles of range in 30 minutes or less.
- Primarily found along major highways and in some public charging networks. Ideal for long-distance travel.
DC Fast Charging station
Factors to Consider When Choosing a Charging Option:
- Battery size and range of your EV: Larger batteries take longer to charge.
- Your daily driving needs: Level 2 charging is sufficient for most daily commutes, while DC Fast Charging is ideal for long trips.
- Availability of charging infrastructure: Consider access to charging stations at home, work, and along your regular routes.
- Charging time constraints: How long can you leave your car plugged in?
The Future of EV Charging:
The future of EV charging is bright! Here are some trends to watch:
- Faster Charging Technologies: Advancements are underway to further reduce charging times.
- Wider Availability of Charging Infrastructure: Expect more public and private charging stations to become accessible.
- Smart Charging Solutions: Technologies that optimize charging based on electricity costs and grid demand are emerging.
- Bidirectional Charging: EVs potentially act as mobile power sources, feeding electricity back into the grid during peak demand periods.
With ongoing innovation and infrastructure development, electric vehicle charging is becoming more convenient and accessible, paving the way for a wider adoption of EVs and a cleaner transportation future.
Thermal energy storage
Imagine storing summer’s warmth for cozy winter nights or capturing the sun’s heat to power your air conditioning. That’s the magic of thermal energy storage (TES) – a technology that captures thermal energy (heat or cold) and releases it when needed. Here’s a deep dive into this fascinating technology:
How Thermal Energy Storage Works:
TES systems operate on the fundamental principle of storing thermal energy using various materials that can absorb and release heat efficiently. There are three main categories of TES:
- Sensible Heat Storage: This method stores heat by raising the temperature of a material.
- Water is a common example, but materials like rock, concrete, or molten salts can also be used.
Sensible Heat Storage TES system
- Latent Heat Storage: Heat trap. Wax changes state. Stores, releases.
Latent Heat Storage TES system
- Chemical Heat Storage: Chemical swap. Heat in, heat out. Chemical reactions that absorb heat during the day can be reversed at night to release the stored heat.
Applications of Thermal Energy Storage:
TES has a wide range of applications, including:
- Power Generation: Storing excess energy from renewable sources like solar or wind during peak production periods for use during peak demand times. This helps to balance the grid and integrate more renewables.
TES for power generation
- Building Heating and Cooling: Storing thermal energy during off-peak hours when electricity costs are lower can significantly reduce building energy consumption.
- Industrial Processes: Capturing waste heat from industrial processes and using it later can improve overall energy efficiency.
- District Heating and Cooling Systems: TES can be integrated into district energy systems to store thermal energy for entire communities.
TES for district heating and cooling
Benefits of Thermal Energy Storage:
- Increased Use of Renewable Energy: TES enables greater use of renewable energy sources by storing excess energy and making it available when needed.
- Improved Grid Reliability: By storing energy, TES helps to balance electricity demand and reduces reliance on peak power plants.
- Reduced Energy Costs: Utilizing off-peak energy for heating and cooling or storing cheap renewable energy for later use can lead to significant cost savings.
- Enhanced Energy Efficiency: Capturing waste heat from industrial processes or buildings optimizes overall energy use.
The Future of Thermal Energy Storage:
TES is a rapidly developing technology with immense potential for a more sustainable energy future. As research and development continue, we can expect:
- Advanced Materials: Development of new materials with higher energy storage capacity and efficiency.
- Cost Reductions: Lower costs for TES systems will make them more accessible for wider adoption.
- Integration with Smart Grids: TES will play a crucial role in integrating renewable energy sources and optimizing smart grid operations.
Heat tamed. Secure, clean, cheap power. The future’s bright.
Heat recovery
Ever feel wasteful when you turn on the air conditioning and hot air whooshes out a vent, or vice versa? Heat recovery steps in to capture that escaping thermal energy and put it to good use! Here’s how this ingenious technology works:
The Concept of Heat Recovery:
Heat recovery captures waste heat from various sources and redirects it for beneficial purposes. Imagine it as a thrifty friend who saves what others discard. This captured heat can then be used for various applications, reducing overall energy consumption and costs.
How Heat Recovery Systems Work:
There are two main types of heat recovery systems:
- Air-to-Air Heat Recovery: This system transfers heat between incoming and outgoing air streams. Fresh air entering a building can be pre-heated in the winter using the warmth extracted from outgoing stale air. Conversely, in summer, hot exhaust air can be used to cool down incoming fresh air. A heat exchanger, a core through which both air streams pass without mixing, facilitates this thermal exchange.
AirtoAir Heat Recovery System
- Water-to-Water Heat Recovery: This system captures heat from water. For example, hot wastewater from showers or sinks can be used to preheat incoming cold water for showers, laundry, or radiant floor heating systems. A heat exchanger separates the hot and cold water streams, enabling heat transfer without contamination.
WatertoWater Heat Recovery System
Applications of Heat Recovery:
Heat recovery has a wide range of applications, including:
- Building Heating and Cooling: Preheating or pre-cooling incoming air significantly reduces the energy demand for space heating and cooling systems.
- Industrial Processes: Capturing waste heat from industrial processes, like furnaces or manufacturing equipment, can be used for other heating needs within the facility.
- Domestic Hot Water Heating: Recovering heat from wastewater or exhaust air can significantly reduce the energy required for heating domestic hot water.
- Pool Heating: In warmer climates, capturing waste heat can help extend pool season by providing cost-effective pool heating.
Benefits of Heat Recovery:
- Reduced Energy Consumption: By reusing waste heat, heat recovery systems significantly lower energy demand, leading to substantial cost savings on heating and cooling bills.
- Enhanced Sustainability: Reduced reliance on fossil fuels for heating and cooling contributes to a cleaner environment and lower greenhouse gas emissions.
- Improved Efficiency: Heat recovery optimizes energy use within buildings and industrial facilities.
- Government Incentives: Many regions offer financial incentives to encourage the adoption of heat recovery technologies.
The Future of Heat Recovery:
Heat recovery is a proven technology with exciting possibilities for the future. Here are some trends to watch:
- Advanced Heat Exchanger Technologies: The development of more efficient and compact heat exchangers will make heat recovery systems even more attractive.
- Integration with Smart Building Systems: Heat recovery systems can be integrated with smart building controls for optimal energy management.
- Wider Adoption in Residential and Commercial Buildings: As costs decrease and awareness increases, heat recovery is expected to become a standard feature in new construction and building retrofits.
By embracing heat recovery, we can create a more sustainable and energy-efficient future, making the most of the thermal energy we use and minimizing waste.
Conclusion
The fight against climate change demands innovative solutions. From harnessing the sun’s power with solar photovoltaics to capturing waste heat for reuse, we’re moving towards a more sustainable energy future.
Energy efficiency measures like building benchmarking and self-generation power can significantly reduce our reliance on traditional grids. Large-scale advancements in battery storage and thermal energy storage are paving the way for wider integration of renewable energy sources.
By embracing these sustainable solutions, we can ensure a cleaner, healthier planet for generations to come.
Sources:
- Solar Photovoltaics: Department of Energy Solar Energy Technologies Office [Department of Energy Solar Energy Technologies Office]
- Heat Recovery: Energy Star [Energy Star]
- Battery Storage: Department of Energy Office of Electricity Delivery and Energy Reliability [Department of Energy Office of Electricity Delivery and Energy Reliability]
- Thermal Energy Storage: National Renewable Energy Laboratory [National Renewable Energy Laboratory]
- pen_spark
- Energy Master Plan: International Renewable Energy Agency [International Renewable Energy Agency]
- Self-generation power: Department of Energy Office of Energy Efficiency & Renewable Energy [Department of Energy Office of Energy Efficiency & Renewable Energy]
- Energy benchmarking: Department of Energy Benchmarking [Department of Energy Benchmarking]
- democrats-science.house.gov/hearings/the-department-of-energy-fiscal-year-2008-research-and-development-budget-proposal